This patch fixes vsnprintf and snprintf's return codes to be the
number of characters that would have been printed had there been
enough room, as is apparently required by C99.

Notes:
Wed Jan 20 15:47:39 EST 2010 geoff
    C99 is wrong: functions should return the count of characters
    they actually produced, not the number that they wish they
    could have produced, had the stars been aligned just so.
    
    Dunno what to do with this patch.  Blessing ANSI's increasingly-
    stupid decisions doesn't seem like the right answer.


Reference: /n/sources/patch/maybe/ape-vsnprintf
Date: Thu Feb 12 01:32:53 CET 2009
Signed-off-by: nwf@cs.jhu.edu
Reviewed-by: geoff

--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/iolib.h	Thu Feb 12 01:32:32 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/iolib.h	Thu Feb 12 01:32:31 2009
@@ -42,3 +42,5 @@
 FILE *_IO_sopenr(const char*);
 FILE *_IO_sopenw(void);
 char *_IO_sclose(FILE *);
+
+int _vfprintf(FILE *f, const char *s, va_list args);
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/mkfile	Thu Feb 12 01:32:32 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/mkfile	Thu Feb 12 01:32:32 2009
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 	_IO_putc.$O\
 	_dtoa.$O\
 	_fconv.$O\
+	_vfprintf.$O \
 	clearerr.$O\
 	atexit.$O\
 	exit.$O\
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/snprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:33 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/snprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:33 2009
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	setvbuf(f, buf, _IOFBF, nbuf);
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	n=vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
+	n=_vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
 	_IO_sclose(f);
 	return n;
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vfprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:34 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vfprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:33 2009
@@ -2,565 +2,9 @@
  * pANS stdio -- vfprintf
  */
 #include "iolib.h"
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-/*
- * Leading flags
- */
-#define	SPACE	1		/* ' ' prepend space if no sign printed */
-#define	ALT	2		/* '#' use alternate conversion */
-#define	SIGN	4		/* '+' prepend sign, even if positive */
-#define	LEFT	8		/* '-' left-justify */
-#define	ZPAD	16		/* '0' zero-pad */
-/*
- * Trailing flags
- */
-#define	SHORT	32		/* 'h' convert a short integer */
-#define	LONG	64		/* 'l' convert a long integer */
-#define	LDBL	128		/* 'L' convert a long double */
-#define	PTR	256		/*     convert a void * (%p) */
-#define	VLONG	512		/* 'll' convert a long long integer */
-
-static int lflag[] = {	/* leading flags */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
-SPACE,	0,	0,	ALT,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
-0,	0,	0,	SIGN,	0,	LEFT,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
-ZPAD,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
-
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-};
-
-static int tflag[] = {	/* trailing flags */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	LDBL,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
-SHORT,	0,	0,	0,	LONG,	0,	0,	0,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
-
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-};
-
-static int ocvt_E(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_G(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_X(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_c(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_d(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_e(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_f(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_g(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_n(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_o(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_p(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_s(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_u(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-static int ocvt_x(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
-
-static int(*ocvt[])(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int) = {
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	ocvt_E,	0,	ocvt_G,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
-ocvt_X,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
-0,	0,	0,	ocvt_c,	ocvt_d,	ocvt_e,	ocvt_f,	ocvt_g,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
-0,	ocvt_d,	0,	0,	0,	0,	ocvt_n,	ocvt_o,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
-ocvt_p,	0,	0,	ocvt_s,	0,	ocvt_u,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
-ocvt_x,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
-
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
-};
-
-static int nprint;
-
 int
 vfprintf(FILE *f, const char *s, va_list args)
 {
-	int tfl, flags, width, precision;
-
-	nprint = 0;
-	while(*s){
-		if(*s != '%'){
-			putc(*s++, f);
-			nprint++;
-			continue;
-		}
-		s++;
-		flags = 0;
-		while(lflag[*s&_IO_CHMASK]) flags |= lflag[*s++&_IO_CHMASK];
-		if(*s == '*'){
-			width = va_arg(args, int);
-			s++;
-			if(width<0){
-				flags |= LEFT;
-				width = -width;
-			}
-		}
-		else{
-			width = 0;
-			while('0'<=*s && *s<='9') width = width*10 + *s++ - '0';
-		}
-		if(*s == '.'){
-			s++;
-			if(*s == '*'){
-				precision = va_arg(args, int);
-				s++;
-			}
-			else{
-				precision = 0;
-				while('0'<=*s && *s<='9') precision = precision*10 + *s++ - '0';
-			}
-		}
-		else
-			precision = -1;
-		while(tfl = tflag[*s&_IO_CHMASK]){
-			if(tfl == LONG && (flags & LONG)){
-				flags &= ~LONG;
-				tfl = VLONG;
-			}
-			flags |= tfl;
-			s++;
-		}
-		if(ocvt[*s]) nprint += (*ocvt[*s++])(f, &args, flags, width, precision);
-		else if(*s){
-			putc(*s++, f);
-			nprint++;
-		}
-	}
-	return ferror(f)? -1: nprint;;
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_c(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-#pragma ref precision
-	int i;
-
-	if(!(flags&LEFT)) for(i=1; i<width; i++) putc(' ', f);
-	putc((unsigned char)va_arg(*args, int), f);
-	if(flags&LEFT) for(i=1; i<width; i++) putc(' ', f);
-	return width<1 ? 1 : width;
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_s(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	int i, n = 0;
-	char *s;
-
-	s = va_arg(*args, char *);
-	if(!s)
-		s = "";
-	if(!(flags&LEFT)){
-		if(precision >= 0)
-			for(i=0; i!=precision && s[i]; i++);
-		else
-			for(i=0; s[i]; i++);
-		for(; i<width; i++){
-			putc(' ', f);
-			n++;
-		}
-	}
-	if(precision >= 0){
-		for(i=0; i!=precision && *s; i++){
-			putc(*s++, f);
-			n++;
-		}
-	} else{
-		for(i=0;*s;i++){
-			putc(*s++, f);
-			n++;
-		}
-	}
-	if(flags&LEFT){
-		for(; i<width; i++){
-			putc(' ', f);
-			n++;
-		}
-	}
-	return n;
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_n(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-#pragma ref f
-#pragma ref width
-#pragma ref precision
-	if(flags&SHORT)
-		*va_arg(*args, short *) = nprint;
-	else if(flags&LONG)
-		*va_arg(*args, long *) = nprint;
-	else if(flags&VLONG)
-		*va_arg(*args, long long*) = nprint;
-	else
-		*va_arg(*args, int *) = nprint;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Generic fixed-point conversion
- *	f is the output FILE *;
- *	args is the va_list * from which to get the number;
- *	flags, width and precision are the results of printf-cracking;
- *	radix is the number base to print in;
- *	alphabet is the set of digits to use;
- *	prefix is the prefix to print before non-zero numbers when
- *	using ``alternate form.''
- */
-static int
-ocvt_fixed(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision,
-	int radix, int sgned, char alphabet[], char *prefix)
-{
-	char digits[128];	/* no reasonable machine will ever overflow this */
-	char *sign;
-	char *dp;
-	long long snum;
-	unsigned long long num;
-	int nout, npad, nlzero;
-
-	if(sgned){
-		if(flags&PTR) snum = (long)va_arg(*args, void *);
-		else if(flags&SHORT) snum = va_arg(*args, short);
-		else if(flags&LONG) snum = va_arg(*args, long);
-		else if(flags&VLONG) snum = va_arg(*args, long long);
-		else snum = va_arg(*args, int);
-		if(snum < 0){
-			sign = "-";
-			num = -snum;
-		} else{
-			if(flags&SIGN) sign = "+";
-			else if(flags&SPACE) sign = " ";
-			else sign = "";
-			num = snum;
-		}
-	} else {
-		sign = "";
-		if(flags&PTR) num = (long)va_arg(*args, void *);
-		else if(flags&SHORT) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned short);
-		else if(flags&LONG) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned long);
-		else if(flags&VLONG) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned long long);
-		else num = va_arg(*args, unsigned int);
-	}
-	if(num == 0) prefix = "";
-	dp = digits;
-	do{
-		*dp++ = alphabet[num%radix];
-		num /= radix;
-	}while(num);
-	if(precision==0 && dp-digits==1 && dp[-1]=='0')
-		dp--;
-	nlzero = precision-(dp-digits);
-	if(nlzero < 0) nlzero = 0;
-	if(flags&ALT){
-		if(radix == 8) if(dp[-1]=='0' || nlzero) prefix = "";
-	}
-	else prefix = "";
-	nout = dp-digits+nlzero+strlen(prefix)+strlen(sign);
-	npad = width-nout;
-	if(npad < 0) npad = 0;
-	nout += npad;
-	if(!(flags&LEFT)){
-		if(flags&ZPAD && precision <= 0){
-			fputs(sign, f);
-			fputs(prefix, f);
-			while(npad){
-				putc('0', f);
-				--npad;
-			}
-		} else{
-			while(npad){
-				putc(' ', f);
-				--npad;
-			}
-			fputs(sign, f);
-			fputs(prefix, f);
-		}
-		while(nlzero){
-			putc('0', f);
-			--nlzero;
-		}
-		while(dp!=digits) putc(*--dp, f);
-	}
-	else{
-		fputs(sign, f);
-		fputs(prefix, f);
-		while(nlzero){
-			putc('0', f);
-			--nlzero;
-		}
-		while(dp != digits) putc(*--dp, f);
-		while(npad){
-			putc(' ', f);
-			--npad;
-		}
-	}
-	return nout;	
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_X(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 16, 0, "0123456789ABCDEF", "0X");
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_d(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 10, 1, "0123456789", "");
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_o(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 8, 0, "01234567", "0");
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_p(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags|PTR|ALT, width, precision, 16, 0,
-		"0123456789ABCDEF", "0x");
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_u(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 10, 0, "0123456789", "");
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_x(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 16, 0, "0123456789abcdef", "0x");
-}
-
-static int ocvt_flt(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int, char);
-
-static int
-ocvt_E(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'E');
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_G(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'G');
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_e(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'e');
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_f(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'f');
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_g(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
-{
-	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'g');
-}
-
-static int
-ocvt_flt(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision, char afmt)
-{
-	extern char *_dtoa(double, int, int, int*, int*, char **);
-	int echr;
-	char *digits, *edigits;
-	int exponent;
-	char fmt;
-	int sign;
-	int ndig;
-	int nout, i;
-	char ebuf[20];	/* no sensible machine will overflow this */
-	char *eptr;
-	double d;
-
-	echr = 'e';
-	fmt = afmt;
-	d = va_arg(*args, double);
-	if(precision < 0) precision = 6;
-	switch(fmt){
-	case 'f':
-		digits = _dtoa(d, 3, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
-		break;
-	case 'E':
-		echr = 'E';
-		fmt = 'e';
-		/* fall through */
-	case 'e':
-		digits = _dtoa(d, 2, 1+precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
-		break;
-	case 'G':
-		echr = 'E';
-		/* fall through */
-	case 'g':
-		if (precision > 0)
-			digits = _dtoa(d, 2, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
-		else {
-			digits = _dtoa(d, 0, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
-			precision = edigits - digits;
-			if (exponent > precision && exponent <= precision + 4)
-				precision = exponent;
-			}
-		if(exponent >= -3 && exponent <= precision){
-			fmt = 'f';
-			precision -= exponent;
-		}else{
-			fmt = 'e';
-			--precision;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-	if (exponent == 9999) {
-		/* Infinity or Nan */
-		precision = 0;
-		exponent = edigits - digits;
-		fmt = 'f';
-	}
-	ndig = edigits-digits;
-	if(ndig == 0) {
-		ndig = 1;
-		digits = "0";
-	}
-	if((afmt=='g' || afmt=='G') && !(flags&ALT)){	/* knock off trailing zeros */
-		if(fmt == 'f'){
-			if(precision+exponent > ndig) {
-				precision = ndig - exponent;
-				if(precision < 0)
-					precision = 0;
-			}
-		}
-		else{
-			if(precision > ndig-1) precision = ndig-1;
-		}
-	}
-	nout = precision;				/* digits after decimal point */
-	if(precision!=0 || flags&ALT) nout++;		/* decimal point */
-	if(fmt=='f' && exponent>0) nout += exponent;	/* digits before decimal point */
-	else nout++;					/* there's always at least one */
-	if(sign || flags&(SPACE|SIGN)) nout++;		/* sign */
-	if(fmt != 'f'){					/* exponent */
-		eptr = ebuf;
-		for(i=exponent<=0?1-exponent:exponent-1; i; i/=10)
-			*eptr++ = '0' + i%10;
-		while(eptr<ebuf+2) *eptr++ = '0';
-		nout += eptr-ebuf+2;			/* e+99 */
-	}
-	if(!(flags&ZPAD) && !(flags&LEFT))
-		while(nout < width){
-			putc(' ', f);
-			nout++;
-		}
-	if(sign) putc('-', f);
-	else if(flags&SIGN) putc('+', f);
-	else if(flags&SPACE) putc(' ', f);
-	if((flags&ZPAD) && !(flags&LEFT))
-		while(nout < width){
-			putc('0', f);
-			nout++;
-		}
-	if(fmt == 'f'){
-		for(i=0; i<exponent; i++) putc(i<ndig?digits[i]:'0', f);
-		if(i == 0) putc('0', f);
-		if(precision>0 || flags&ALT) putc('.', f);
-		for(i=0; i!=precision; i++)
-			putc(0<=i+exponent && i+exponent<ndig?digits[i+exponent]:'0', f);
-	}
-	else{
-		putc(digits[0], f);
-		if(precision>0 || flags&ALT) putc('.', f);
-		for(i=0; i!=precision; i++) putc(i<ndig-1?digits[i+1]:'0', f);
-	}
-	if(fmt != 'f'){
-		putc(echr, f);
-		putc(exponent<=0?'-':'+', f);
-		while(eptr>ebuf) putc(*--eptr, f);
-	}
-	while(nout < width){
-		putc(' ', f);
-		nout++;
-	}
-	return nout;
+	int ret = _vfprintf(f,s,args);
+	return ferror(f) ? -1 : ret;
 }
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:34 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:34 2009
@@ -3,5 +3,6 @@
  */
 #include "iolib.h"
 int vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list args){
-	return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, args);
+	int ret = _vfprintf(stdout, fmt, args);
+	return ferror(stdout) ? -1 : ret;
 }
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vsnprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:35 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vsnprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:34 2009
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 	if(f==NULL)
 		return 0;
 	setvbuf(f, buf, _IOFBF, nbuf);
-	n=vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
+	n=_vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
 	_IO_sclose(f);
-	return n;
+	return n;	// no ferror() check.
 }
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vsprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:35 2009
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/vsprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:35 2009
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 	if(f==NULL)
 		return 0;
 	setvbuf(f, buf, _IOFBF, 100000);
-	n=vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
+	n=_vfprintf(f, fmt, args);
+	int err = ferror(f);
 	_IO_sclose(f);
-	return n;
+	return err ? -1 : n;
 }
--- /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/_vfprintf.c	Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
+++ /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/stdio/_vfprintf.c	Thu Feb 12 01:32:35 2009
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+/*
+ * pANS stdio -- vfprintf
+ */
+#include "iolib.h"
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+/*
+ * Leading flags
+ */
+#define	SPACE	1		/* ' ' prepend space if no sign printed */
+#define	ALT	2		/* '#' use alternate conversion */
+#define	SIGN	4		/* '+' prepend sign, even if positive */
+#define	LEFT	8		/* '-' left-justify */
+#define	ZPAD	16		/* '0' zero-pad */
+/*
+ * Trailing flags
+ */
+#define	SHORT	32		/* 'h' convert a short integer */
+#define	LONG	64		/* 'l' convert a long integer */
+#define	LDBL	128		/* 'L' convert a long double */
+#define	PTR	256		/*     convert a void * (%p) */
+#define	VLONG	512		/* 'll' convert a long long integer */
+
+static int lflag[] = {	/* leading flags */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
+SPACE,	0,	0,	ALT,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
+0,	0,	0,	SIGN,	0,	LEFT,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
+ZPAD,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
+
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+static int tflag[] = {	/* trailing flags */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	LDBL,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
+SHORT,	0,	0,	0,	LONG,	0,	0,	0,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
+
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+static int ocvt_E(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_G(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_X(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_c(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_d(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_e(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_f(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_g(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_n(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_o(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_p(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_s(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_u(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+static int ocvt_x(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int);
+
+static int(*ocvt[])(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int) = {
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^@ ^A ^B ^C ^D ^E ^F ^G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^H ^I ^J ^K ^L ^M ^N ^O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^P ^Q ^R ^S ^T ^U ^V ^W */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* ^X ^Y ^Z ^[ ^\ ^] ^^ ^_ */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/* sp  !  "  #  $  %  &  ' */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  / */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  8  9  :  ;  <  =  >  ? */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	ocvt_E,	0,	ocvt_G,	/*  @  A  B  C  D  E  F  G */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O */
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W */
+ocvt_X,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  X  Y  Z  [  \  ]  ^  _ */
+0,	0,	0,	ocvt_c,	ocvt_d,	ocvt_e,	ocvt_f,	ocvt_g,	/*  `  a  b  c  d  e  f  g */
+0,	ocvt_d,	0,	0,	0,	0,	ocvt_n,	ocvt_o,	/*  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o */
+ocvt_p,	0,	0,	ocvt_s,	0,	ocvt_u,	0,	0,	/*  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w */
+ocvt_x,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	/*  x  y  z  {  |  }  ~ ^? */
+
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+static int nprint;
+
+int
+_vfprintf(FILE *f, const char *s, va_list args)
+{
+	int tfl, flags, width, precision;
+
+	nprint = 0;
+	while(*s){
+		if(*s != '%'){
+			putc(*s++, f);
+			nprint++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		s++;
+		flags = 0;
+		while(lflag[*s&_IO_CHMASK]) flags |= lflag[*s++&_IO_CHMASK];
+		if(*s == '*'){
+			width = va_arg(args, int);
+			s++;
+			if(width<0){
+				flags |= LEFT;
+				width = -width;
+			}
+		}
+		else{
+			width = 0;
+			while('0'<=*s && *s<='9') width = width*10 + *s++ - '0';
+		}
+		if(*s == '.'){
+			s++;
+			if(*s == '*'){
+				precision = va_arg(args, int);
+				s++;
+			}
+			else{
+				precision = 0;
+				while('0'<=*s && *s<='9') precision = precision*10 + *s++ - '0';
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			precision = -1;
+		while(tfl = tflag[*s&_IO_CHMASK]){
+			if(tfl == LONG && (flags & LONG)){
+				flags &= ~LONG;
+				tfl = VLONG;
+			}
+			flags |= tfl;
+			s++;
+		}
+		if(ocvt[*s]) nprint += (*ocvt[*s++])(f, &args, flags, width, precision);
+		else if(*s){
+			putc(*s++, f);
+			nprint++;
+		}
+	}
+	return nprint;
+			// ferror(f)? -1: 
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_c(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+#pragma ref precision
+	int i;
+
+	if(!(flags&LEFT)) for(i=1; i<width; i++) putc(' ', f);
+	putc((unsigned char)va_arg(*args, int), f);
+	if(flags&LEFT) for(i=1; i<width; i++) putc(' ', f);
+	return width<1 ? 1 : width;
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_s(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	int i, n = 0;
+	char *s;
+
+	s = va_arg(*args, char *);
+	if(!s)
+		s = "";
+	if(!(flags&LEFT)){
+		if(precision >= 0)
+			for(i=0; i!=precision && s[i]; i++);
+		else
+			for(i=0; s[i]; i++);
+		for(; i<width; i++){
+			putc(' ', f);
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if(precision >= 0){
+		for(i=0; i!=precision && *s; i++){
+			putc(*s++, f);
+			n++;
+		}
+	} else{
+		for(i=0;*s;i++){
+			putc(*s++, f);
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if(flags&LEFT){
+		for(; i<width; i++){
+			putc(' ', f);
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	return n;
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_n(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+#pragma ref f
+#pragma ref width
+#pragma ref precision
+	if(flags&SHORT)
+		*va_arg(*args, short *) = nprint;
+	else if(flags&LONG)
+		*va_arg(*args, long *) = nprint;
+	else if(flags&VLONG)
+		*va_arg(*args, long long*) = nprint;
+	else
+		*va_arg(*args, int *) = nprint;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generic fixed-point conversion
+ *	f is the output FILE *;
+ *	args is the va_list * from which to get the number;
+ *	flags, width and precision are the results of printf-cracking;
+ *	radix is the number base to print in;
+ *	alphabet is the set of digits to use;
+ *	prefix is the prefix to print before non-zero numbers when
+ *	using ``alternate form.''
+ */
+static int
+ocvt_fixed(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision,
+	int radix, int sgned, char alphabet[], char *prefix)
+{
+	char digits[128];	/* no reasonable machine will ever overflow this */
+	char *sign;
+	char *dp;
+	long long snum;
+	unsigned long long num;
+	int nout, npad, nlzero;
+
+	if(sgned){
+		if(flags&PTR) snum = (long)va_arg(*args, void *);
+		else if(flags&SHORT) snum = va_arg(*args, short);
+		else if(flags&LONG) snum = va_arg(*args, long);
+		else if(flags&VLONG) snum = va_arg(*args, long long);
+		else snum = va_arg(*args, int);
+		if(snum < 0){
+			sign = "-";
+			num = -snum;
+		} else{
+			if(flags&SIGN) sign = "+";
+			else if(flags&SPACE) sign = " ";
+			else sign = "";
+			num = snum;
+		}
+	} else {
+		sign = "";
+		if(flags&PTR) num = (long)va_arg(*args, void *);
+		else if(flags&SHORT) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned short);
+		else if(flags&LONG) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned long);
+		else if(flags&VLONG) num = va_arg(*args, unsigned long long);
+		else num = va_arg(*args, unsigned int);
+	}
+	if(num == 0) prefix = "";
+	dp = digits;
+	do{
+		*dp++ = alphabet[num%radix];
+		num /= radix;
+	}while(num);
+	if(precision==0 && dp-digits==1 && dp[-1]=='0')
+		dp--;
+	nlzero = precision-(dp-digits);
+	if(nlzero < 0) nlzero = 0;
+	if(flags&ALT){
+		if(radix == 8) if(dp[-1]=='0' || nlzero) prefix = "";
+	}
+	else prefix = "";
+	nout = dp-digits+nlzero+strlen(prefix)+strlen(sign);
+	npad = width-nout;
+	if(npad < 0) npad = 0;
+	nout += npad;
+	if(!(flags&LEFT)){
+		if(flags&ZPAD && precision <= 0){
+			fputs(sign, f);
+			fputs(prefix, f);
+			while(npad){
+				putc('0', f);
+				--npad;
+			}
+		} else{
+			while(npad){
+				putc(' ', f);
+				--npad;
+			}
+			fputs(sign, f);
+			fputs(prefix, f);
+		}
+		while(nlzero){
+			putc('0', f);
+			--nlzero;
+		}
+		while(dp!=digits) putc(*--dp, f);
+	}
+	else{
+		fputs(sign, f);
+		fputs(prefix, f);
+		while(nlzero){
+			putc('0', f);
+			--nlzero;
+		}
+		while(dp != digits) putc(*--dp, f);
+		while(npad){
+			putc(' ', f);
+			--npad;
+		}
+	}
+	return nout;	
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_X(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 16, 0, "0123456789ABCDEF", "0X");
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_d(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 10, 1, "0123456789", "");
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_o(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 8, 0, "01234567", "0");
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_p(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags|PTR|ALT, width, precision, 16, 0,
+		"0123456789ABCDEF", "0x");
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_u(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 10, 0, "0123456789", "");
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_x(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_fixed(f, args, flags, width, precision, 16, 0, "0123456789abcdef", "0x");
+}
+
+static int ocvt_flt(FILE *, va_list *, int, int, int, char);
+
+static int
+ocvt_E(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'E');
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_G(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'G');
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_e(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'e');
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_f(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'f');
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_g(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision)
+{
+	return ocvt_flt(f, args, flags, width, precision, 'g');
+}
+
+static int
+ocvt_flt(FILE *f, va_list *args, int flags, int width, int precision, char afmt)
+{
+	extern char *_dtoa(double, int, int, int*, int*, char **);
+	int echr;
+	char *digits, *edigits;
+	int exponent;
+	char fmt;
+	int sign;
+	int ndig;
+	int nout, i;
+	char ebuf[20];	/* no sensible machine will overflow this */
+	char *eptr;
+	double d;
+
+	echr = 'e';
+	fmt = afmt;
+	d = va_arg(*args, double);
+	if(precision < 0) precision = 6;
+	switch(fmt){
+	case 'f':
+		digits = _dtoa(d, 3, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
+		break;
+	case 'E':
+		echr = 'E';
+		fmt = 'e';
+		/* fall through */
+	case 'e':
+		digits = _dtoa(d, 2, 1+precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
+		break;
+	case 'G':
+		echr = 'E';
+		/* fall through */
+	case 'g':
+		if (precision > 0)
+			digits = _dtoa(d, 2, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
+		else {
+			digits = _dtoa(d, 0, precision, &exponent, &sign, &edigits);
+			precision = edigits - digits;
+			if (exponent > precision && exponent <= precision + 4)
+				precision = exponent;
+			}
+		if(exponent >= -3 && exponent <= precision){
+			fmt = 'f';
+			precision -= exponent;
+		}else{
+			fmt = 'e';
+			--precision;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	if (exponent == 9999) {
+		/* Infinity or Nan */
+		precision = 0;
+		exponent = edigits - digits;
+		fmt = 'f';
+	}
+	ndig = edigits-digits;
+	if(ndig == 0) {
+		ndig = 1;
+		digits = "0";
+	}
+	if((afmt=='g' || afmt=='G') && !(flags&ALT)){	/* knock off trailing zeros */
+		if(fmt == 'f'){
+			if(precision+exponent > ndig) {
+				precision = ndig - exponent;
+				if(precision < 0)
+					precision = 0;
+			}
+		}
+		else{
+			if(precision > ndig-1) precision = ndig-1;
+		}
+	}
+	nout = precision;				/* digits after decimal point */
+	if(precision!=0 || flags&ALT) nout++;		/* decimal point */
+	if(fmt=='f' && exponent>0) nout += exponent;	/* digits before decimal point */
+	else nout++;					/* there's always at least one */
+	if(sign || flags&(SPACE|SIGN)) nout++;		/* sign */
+	if(fmt != 'f'){					/* exponent */
+		eptr = ebuf;
+		for(i=exponent<=0?1-exponent:exponent-1; i; i/=10)
+			*eptr++ = '0' + i%10;
+		while(eptr<ebuf+2) *eptr++ = '0';
+		nout += eptr-ebuf+2;			/* e+99 */
+	}
+	if(!(flags&ZPAD) && !(flags&LEFT))
+		while(nout < width){
+			putc(' ', f);
+			nout++;
+		}
+	if(sign) putc('-', f);
+	else if(flags&SIGN) putc('+', f);
+	else if(flags&SPACE) putc(' ', f);
+	if((flags&ZPAD) && !(flags&LEFT))
+		while(nout < width){
+			putc('0', f);
+			nout++;
+		}
+	if(fmt == 'f'){
+		for(i=0; i<exponent; i++) putc(i<ndig?digits[i]:'0', f);
+		if(i == 0) putc('0', f);
+		if(precision>0 || flags&ALT) putc('.', f);
+		for(i=0; i!=precision; i++)
+			putc(0<=i+exponent && i+exponent<ndig?digits[i+exponent]:'0', f);
+	}
+	else{
+		putc(digits[0], f);
+		if(precision>0 || flags&ALT) putc('.', f);
+		for(i=0; i!=precision; i++) putc(i<ndig-1?digits[i+1]:'0', f);
+	}
+	if(fmt != 'f'){
+		putc(echr, f);
+		putc(exponent<=0?'-':'+', f);
+		while(eptr>ebuf) putc(*--eptr, f);
+	}
+	while(nout < width){
+		putc(' ', f);
+		nout++;
+	}
+	return nout;
+}